Anticholinergic risk profiles, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics in a public nursing home in southern Spain: a descriptive study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60103/phc.v26.e839Keywords:
Anticholinergic risk; Nursing home; PolypharmacyAbstract
Objective: to analyze the demographic, clinical and functional characteristics of the elderly in a public nursing home. Characterize the population based on anticholinergic risk according to the Drug Burden Index (DBI) scale.
Methods: It was carried out a descriptive and observational study in a nursing home of the Andalusian public network from September to December 2020. Demographic, clinical, functional and pharmacotherapeutic outcomes were recorded. Drug treatment was analysed using the DBI scale to determine the anticholinergic load. An association analysis was performed among the different variables studied based on the anticholinergic load.
Results: 148 residents were included. 19.8% of the population was illiterate. 43.9% had smoking and 22.3% consumed alcohol daily. 50.3% had excessive polypharmacy (≥10 medications) and 73.6%. of the patients presented anticholinergic and/or sedative risk according to DBI (defined by presenting a DBI score>0). Delirium, anxiety, and recurrent urinary tract infections were more prevalent in the group of residents with anticholinergic load (p<0.05).
Conclusion: the population of the nursing home has a high rate of illiteracy, and a high prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption. The rate of polypharmacy, as well as the percentage of patients with anticholinergic risk associated with pharmacotherapy is high. Anxiety, delirium, and recurrent urinary tract infections were more prevalent in the population with anticholinergic burden. Multicenter studies with a larger number of residents would be necessary to confirm these findings.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Elena Prado-Mel, Héctor Rodríguez-Ramallo, Ángela María Villalba-Moreno, Emilio García Cabrera , Susana Sánchez Fidalgo
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